杭州2024-2025学年第二学期期末教学质量检测试题(卷)高二英语

1、_____in the sports world，a sportsman needs to train constantly to keep himself in best condition．

A．Survive  B．Surviving  C．To survive  D．Survived

2、In ________ emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain.

A．minor

B．severe

C．unique

D．certain

3、She has owned the painting since 1950, when it ________ to her as a wedding present.

A．has given   B．gave   C．was given     D．has been given

4、At the seventh International Ballet Competitions , Fernando Bujones won the first gold medal ever ___ to an American male dancer .

A．awarded   B．to be awarded

C．being awarded D．should be awarded

5、Maury Brown of Forbes reports that Major League Baseball’s annual ________ for 2014 will top $9 billion.

A. allowances B. revenues

C. rates      D. Accounts

6、_____, he will ____his father’s business in the coming year.

A. Intelligent enough, take over

B. Enough intelligent, hand over

C. Intelligently enough, take over

D. Enough intelligently, hand over

7、---Has John ever broken his promise?

---No. For example, he said he would show me around his school, and _______ .

A. so would he   B. so did he

C. so he would   D. so he did

8、A dream job is one ____ you can not only satisfy your interest but get well paid for it.

A. that B. which C. when D. where

9、Usually there might be a lot of accidents in the heavy fog. I happened to witness _______ this morning.

A. it   B. those

C. one   D. that

10、But for the fact that I_ an unexpected visitor, I _____to the lecture．

A．had had/would go

B．had/must go

C．had/would have gone

D．had had/must have gone

11、A friend indeed is a friend who won’t _____ on you when you are in need of help.

A.come out B.hold out C.break out D.run out

12、Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs you could have problems

A．or

B．and

C．but

D．so

13、So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.

A. did the attack B. the attack did

C. was the attack D. the attack was

14、All of us are pleased to see the problem ______ so quickly．

A．solve   B．solving

C．to solve D．solved

15、_____ with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time．

A． Faced   B． Face   C． Facing   D． To face

16、After he was officially pronounced the world’s oldest man, he offered this simple ________ for a long and happy life.

A.affection B.formula C.preference D.desire

17、More and more people prefer jogging in the morning, _______ benefits for health arise from the air rich in oxygen.

A. which B. that C. whose   D. who

18、Machine translation is a technology that __________ translates text from one language to another.

A. freely   B. casually   C. temporarily D. automatically

19、--- The music is too loud. Could you please turn down the radio a bit?

--- ______

A. Sorry, I didn’t know you were reading.

B. Don’t trouble. I like music.

C. Don’t you think the music is beautiful?

D. Oh, it’s an honor for me to do so.

20、—Ouch! I_______ this really bad toothache for about three days.

—You really need to take a day off and see a dentist.

A.have B.am having C.have had D.had

21、Most teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purpose in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old sophomore at STEM School Highlands Ranch has been coming up with innovative solutions lo worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the youngster was selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees—aged 8 to 16—for TIME Magazine’s first-ever “Kid of the Year.”

The young girl, who knew she wanted to bring change and positivity to her community since 3rd grade, was just ten years old when she heard about the lead-tainted (含铅的) water in Flint, Michigan, in 2015. After spending two months researching how the area’s drinking water became polluted, Rao began designing a device called Tethys, which attaches to a cellphone and informs the resident via an APP if their drinking water contains traces of the harmful metal. The prototype (模型) earned her the Young Scientist Challenge Award in 2017. A start-up entrepreneur is working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys’ potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.

In 2019, Rao took on another social issue—opioid addiction. The app she designed won the Pillar Prize at the Innovation Student Challenge, which helps to catch drug addiction in young adults before it’s too late. Rao said. “I wanted to come up with a way to diagnose such addiction at an early stage so you can take action earlier.”

More recently, the teenager has created another inspiring app. “I stared to hard-code (编写硬编码) in some words that could be considered bullying, and then the computer search engine took those words and identified words that are similar. You type in a word or phrase, and it’s able to pick it up if it’s bullying, and it gives you the option to edit it or send it the way it is.” Rao told editor Angelina in an interview. “The goal is not to punish. Instead, it gives you the chance to rethink what you’re saying so that you know what to do next time around.”

【1】How is Gitanjali Rao different from most teenagers?

A．She is trying to find her passion and purpose in life.

B．She is a sophomore at STEM School Highlands Ranch.

C．She has put forward creative answers to worldwide problems.

D．She applied to be “Kid of the Year” of TIME Magazine.

【2】What can we learn about Tethys from Paragraph 2?

A．It is a device for residents to research the drinking water.

B．The traces of the harmful metal will be presented on it.

C．Its phone APP tells users whether the water is polluted.

D．A start-up entrepreneur has put Tethys on the market.

【3】What does the underlined expression “opioid addiction” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Internet addiction.

B．Drug abuse.

C．App innovation.

D．Health diagnosis.

【4】What is the goal of the app against cyberbullying?

A．To give a punishment for bullying.

B．To guide users to send proper words.

C．To withdraw bullying messages.

D．To help find more accurate expressions.

22、Deep in a forest of France’s Burgundy region, a group of enthusiasts have been building a castle with tools and methods from the late 13th century since 1995. Some of those working here are very skilled heritage people, and others are history lovers. But all of them share a deep respect for nature and a desire to return to simpler times.

The idea to build the castle was born in 1995 among three residents of the region. One of them, Maryline Martin, owns a nearby 17th-century house and is involved in work to restore different castles in the area.

“We thought that it would be amazing to imitate (模仿) how people did things in the past,” Martin tells public radio station France Culture. “We decided to use other ancient castles in this area as examples and get inspiration from descriptions in old books.”

On the construction site, the workers are all dressed in ancient clothing. The smell of fire is coming from a nearby blacksmith’s shop, where 20-year-old Matisse Lacroix is burning a piece of iron in a stove to make tools needed to build the castle.

“The temperature in the stove is around 1100℃, so the iron can be softened to make these nails,” Lacroix explains to a group of fourth-graders, who are watching him bending and shaping the iron into nails.

“Part of the project’s mission is to rediscover and pass along skills and knowledge from the past,” Martin tells reporters. “That learning aspect of the project is one reason why its construction is taking so long.”

Initially, the project was funded by European Union. Now it is financed through more than 300,000 visitors a year who pay between 12 and 15 euros each. The income is more than enough to cover the construction costs and payments for the 100 staff members.

As for the project’s future, Martin says it could take 10, 15, or even 20 more years to build. “But we’re OK with that. It’s not about finishing the project. It’s about the things we learn and discover while building,” he says. “I believe the way we’re working here is more sustainable. The future is low tech.”

【1】Which of the following best describes the castle-builders?

A．Famous historians.

B．Enthusiastic conservationists.

C．Housing developers.

D．Professional heritage researchers.

【2】What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A．Maryline Martin’s background.

B．The project’s influence.

C．The inspirations for the project.

D．The history of the castle.

【3】Why has it taken so long to build the castle?

A．The owners don’t have enough money.

B．The workers don’t have proper equipment.

C．The French authorities fail to provide timely support.

D．The participants want to explore the ancient building skills.

【4】What is Maryline Martin’s attitude to high-tech?

A．Skeptical.

B．Unclear.

C．Approving.

D．Objective.

23、Women who own cats are more likely to have mental health problems and kill themselves because they can be infected by a common parasite(寄生虫) that can be caught from cat litter(猫砂), a study has found.

Researchers found women infected with the Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) parasite(刚地弓形虫), which is spread through contact with cat waste or eating undercooked meat or unwashed vegetables, are at increased risk of attempting suicide.

The study involved more than 45,000 women in Denmark. About a third of the world's population is infected with the parasite, which hides in cells in the brain and muscles, often without producing symptoms.

The infection, which is called toxoplasmosis(弓形虫病), has been linked to mental illness, such as schizophrenia(精神分裂症), and changes in behavior.

The study's senior author Doctor Teodor Postolache, an associate professor of psychiatry(精神病学) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in the United States, said, "We can't say with certainty that T. gondii caused the women to try to kill themselves, but we did find a predictive association between the infection and suicide attempts later in life that deserves additional studies."

Doctor Albert Reece, vice president of medical affairs at the University of Maryland, said, "T. gondii infection is a major public health problem around the world, and many people don't realize they're infected. "

Dr Postolache is a leading expert on suicide neuroimmunology(神经免疫学). Suicide is a critically important mental health issue. About one million people commit suicide and another 10 million attempt suicide worldwide each year. We hope that this type of research will one day help us find ways to save many lives that now end too early in suicide."

Dr. Postolache's research team at the University of Maryland was the first to report a connection between T. gondii and suicidal behavior in 2009. He is cooperating with researchers in Denmark, Germany and Sweden to confirm and investigate the way leading to this association.

The T. gondii parasite thrives in the intestines(肠) of cats, and it is spread through their waste. All warm-blooded animals can become infected through contact with it. Humans can become infected by changing their infected cats' litter boxes, eating unwashed vegetables, drinking water from a polluted source, or by eating undercooked or raw meat.

Not washing kitchen knives after preparing raw meat before handling another food item also can lead to infection. Pregnant women can pass the parasite directly to their unborn babies and are advised not to change cat litter boxes to avoid possible infection.

Babies don't produce antibodies to T. gondii for three months after they are born, so the antibodies present in their blood represented infection in the mothers. The scientists studied Danish health patients to determine if any of these women later attempted suicide, including cases of violent suicide attempts which may have involved guns, sharp instruments and jumping from high places.

The study found that women infected with T. gondii were one and a half times more likely to attempt suicide compared to those who were not infected, and the risk seemed to rise with increasing levels of the T. gondii antibodies.

Dr Postolache noted limitations to the study, such as the inability to determine the cause of the suicidal behavior.

The findings were published online in the Archives of General Psychiatry.

【1】The common way which is less likely to be infected with the disease is ________.

A. to eat unwashed meat or undercooked vegetables

B. to clean a place where a cat once lived for a time

C. to pass the infection to her unborn baby during a woman's pregnancy

D. to reuse kitchen tools which have been used to cut raw meat

【2】What is the consequence if a woman is infected with the parasite in the passage?

A. Having a high fever.

B. Doing deliberate self-harm.

C. Keeping a depressed mood.

D. Becoming bad tempered.

【3】What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Women have a higher risk to be infected by the parasite than men.

B. The result of the research may help the scientists to find ways to stop suicide in advance.

C. The scientists will continue their research into the possible connection.

D. The risk of being infected seems to rise with the decreasing levels of the antibodies.

【4】Which of the following statements would probably be the best title of the passage?

A. Why are women more likely to commit suicide?

B. Women should keep away from cats

C. Ways found to deal with women's mental problems

D. Are women who own cats at a suicide risk?

24、   Every day, we have messages to give people through Post-it Notes. They have a special glue on the edge（边缘）of the paper. They are sticky so that you can leave them anywhere and they won’t fall off. You can reuse the notes because the special glue on the back doesn’t wear off easily.

Who invented Post-it Notes? Art Fry was a scientist who worked for the famous 3M Company. He needed a bookmark that stayed in place but didn’t tear（撕）the page when he wanted to remove it. So he took some of the weak glue a friend made and put it on the back of a yellow piece of paper. Then he wrote a report to his boss and put the yellow sticky paper on the top page. His boss took off the note, wrote an answer, stuck the paper back on, and sent it back. This was the beginning of Post-it Notes. It was a new and creative way to communicate.

Today, Post-it Notes are one of the most popular office products. Everyone uses them for many different purposes. One man used one to write a marriage proposal（求婚）and put it on his girlfriend’s front door. She wrote her answer and put the note back on his door. One mother put a note on the back of her son’s car before he left on a long trip. When he arrived, he found the note. After 3,000 miles, it was still on the car. One university student was waiting in the bus station and started to feel sleepy. She didn’t want to miss her bus so she put Post-it Notes all over herself. The notes asked people to wake her up in time for her bus. She did fall asleep but her plan worked. Someone saw the notes and woke her up.

There are Post-it Notes to please everyone’s tastes. You can buy Post-it Notes in fifty different colors, twenty-seven different sizes, and fifty-six different shapes. More than 400 Post-it products are sold in more than 100 countries around the world. Art Fry should be proud of his invention.

【1】What do we know about Post-it Notes?

A.They use a strong glue to be sticky enough. B.They are used to leave messages.

C.They are one-off products. D.They fall off easily.

【2】Art Fry got the idea of Post-it Notes when   .

A.he was making some glue B.he was discussing with his boss

C.he creatively glued a torn report D.he accidentally created a bookmark

【3】Why did the university student cover herself in Post-it Notes?

A.To ask someone to wake her up in time.

B.To prevent herself from falling asleep.

C.To find out what time the bus left.

D.To tell others to leave her alone.

【4】What can we learn about the progress of Post-it Notes?

A.They are popular in many places.

B.They require design improvement.

C.They have failed to meet everyone’s needs.

D.They would not satisfy Art Fry’s expectation.

25、I found a wonderful picture of Maolan karst cones online and presented it to the innkeeper. “You can’t go there,” the innkeeper ______ me. “The viewing platform has been closed due to ______ that too many visitors could cause geological damage.”

Despite our disappointment, we ______ an alternative: a seven-hour hike through the “funnel forest”. Initially, we were ______ to run the risk. However, I had ______ the tourism motto in the nature reserve: “If you don’t do it now, you won’t do it in your lifetime.” Three of our group ______ decided to venture into the forest. The innkeeper responded with a knowing ______ : “Great. Bear Grylls went there.”

The next morning, we set off with a local ______ . Rain came and went three times, and before I actually ______ to climb over the first mountain, I had already got wet to the skin. I was a walking ______ of mud and water.

Our guide, in his 50s, behaved like a botanist, introducing the locally specific plants to us, but I was hardly in the ______ . Every step sank into the muddy, sucking ground. Every log or rock in front of us was a physical ______ . “One can never reach those places without strong willpower,” I murmured, reciting that millennium-old ______ , over and over again.

Sinkholes and entrances to underground rivers kept popping up along our ______ . Thinking of them leading to an unknown world, I began to ______ the road that I can control even more.

Wandering in a green chaos without any obvious landmarks is also breathtaking.

【1】

A．answered

B．told

C．followed

D．favored

【2】

A．news

B．matters

C．concerns

D．conclusions

【3】

A．worked out

B．took in

C．set down

D．ruled out

【4】

A．unwilling

B．surprised

C．calm

D．inspired

【5】

A．forgotten

B．promoted

C．interpreted

D．noticed

【6】

A．shortly

B．lately

C．eventually

D．suddenly

【7】

A．taste

B．tone

C．smile

D．sigh

【8】

A．botanist

B．keeper

C．farmer

D．guide

【9】

A．managed

B．decided

C．planned

D．agreed

【10】

A．visitor

B．mixture

C．log

D．stranger

【11】

A．eagerness

B．mood

C．humor

D．pity

【12】

A．contact

B．energy

C．activity

D．challenge

【13】

A．prediction

B．line

C．deal

D．secret

【14】

A．route

B．landmark

C．platform

D．rock

【15】

A．guarantee

B．ignore

C．doubt

D．appreciate

26、Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Natural perfume or artificial perfume?

The use of perfume dates back to earliest times. The ancient Egyptians perfumed the bricks used to build their houses and temples, and wore perfumed fat in their hair.

These days, consumer demand for perfumed products is intense. In the home, from washing-up liquid to paper tissues, soap to shoe polish, fragrance is the common ingredient. Artificial leather is perfumed to make it smell like the real thing, and in Japan, some companies spray perfume through building’s air-conditioning system at key times of the working day.

To meet the demands of the perfume industry, scientific developments have made the companies use substitutes for some natural ingredients. Scientists have also discovered that natural and artificial materials are highly complementary and are acceptable to the consumer. Even the most expensive perfumes are in fact compounds of both natural and artificial ingredients. The French perfume manufacturers were among the first to blend artificial compound when they made the famous perfume Chanel No. 5 in 1923.

Producing natural oils is very expensive. For example, 1000 kilos of jasmine flowers make just one kilo of extract. Using artificial fragrance has reduced the costs of manufacture overall, although the chemical operations involved can be very time-consuming and costly-sixteen or seventeen chemical separations may be needed to produce the right result.

Nevertheless, the use of complex chemical to reproduce fragrance is likely to increase, as the artificial ingredients as well as natural oils gives perfume manufacturers more control over the production process, which is why many classic perfumes owe their characteristic top notes to fruits of science not nature.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________